شناسایی و رتبه‌بندی عوامل مؤثر در تغییر شکل زیرساخت‌های شهری برای آینده‌ای بدون کربن و پایدار

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد، گروه عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمان ، کرمان ، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، گروه عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

با شکل‌گیری انقلاب صنعتی، تحولات بزرگی در نحوه‌ی برخورد با طبیعت به وقوع پیوست، افزایش جمعیت، پیشرفت صنعت، بهبود تکنولوژی ساخت‌وساز، استفاده‌ی گسترده از سوخت‌های فسیلی، گسترش روزافزون وابستگی به اتومبیل و... سبب برهم خوردن تعادل میان انسان و طبیعت گردید. پدیده‌ی تغییر اقلیم یکی از اصلی‌ترین بحران‌هایی است که بشر امروز را تهدید نموده است. با بروز بحران‌های زیست‌محیطی، نظیر بحران انرژی، افزایش آلودگی و تغییرات اقلیمی که ناشی از افزایش جمعیت و مصرف بالای انرژی بودند، کیفیت زندگی به‌ویژه در محیط‌های شهری تنزل یافت. به همین منظور متخصصین شهری نیز مانند سایرین، به دنبال ارائه راه‌حل‌هایی، برای مقابله با این معضلات بوده‌اند. در ابن مطالعه، ابتدا با انجام مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و با بررسی تحقیقات پیشین فهرستی از عوامل مؤثر تهیه شد سپس از طریق پرسشنامه مبتنی بر طیف لیکرت نظر خبرگان حوزه برنامه‌ریزی و توسعه شهری در شهر کرمان جمع‌آوری گردید و در نرم‌افزار SPSS تجزیه‌وتحلیل شد. سپس ماتریس تصمیم‌گیری بر اساس شاخص‌ها و معیارهای موردنظر تشکیل و با استفاده از پرسشنامه مربوط به روش ویکورفازی (Fuzzy Vikor) و بر اساس معیارهای «میزان تأثیر»، «میزان اهمیت» و «وجود ابزار لازم» رتبه‌بندی شدند. بر اساس یافته‌های تحقیق در میان کلیه عوامل تأثیرگذار شناسایی‌شده، ده مورد از مهم‌ترین عوامل مؤثر شامل: «ایجاد دسترسی آسان به حمل‌ونقل عمومی»، «جانمایی امکانات و خدمات محلی در نزدیک‌ترین فاصله»، «امکان دسترسی آسان به محیط طبیعی بدون آسیب رساندن به آن»، «طراحی و جانمایی فضاهای سبز به دو منظور ایجاد فضای تفریح و پالایش هوا»، «برقراری سیستم‌های پیشرفته بازیافت زباله (زباله به‌عنوان منبع تولید انرژی)»، «استفاده از آموزه‌های ملی و دینی به‌منظور کاهش مصرف انرژی»، «ایجاد وابستگی حداقلی به منابع انرژی فسیلی و تجدید ناپذیر»، «سرمایه‌گذاری برای زیرساخت‌های سبک‌تر، سبزتر، ارزان‌تر و هوشمندتر»، «استفاده از فناوری‌های جدید به‌منظور بهره‌گیری از انرژی‌های پاک»، «توجه ویژه به تفکیک زباله، شبکه جمع‌آوری فاضلاب، تبدیل زباله به زیست‌گاز»،شناسایی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identify and ranking of effective factors in changing urban infrastructure for a carbon-free and sustainable future

نویسندگان [English]

  • Erfan Anjomshoa 1
  • Ramin Tabatabaei Mirhosseini 2
1 M.Sc., Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

The formation of the Industrial Revolution led to great variations in dealing with nature, population increase, industry progress, construction technology improvement, widespread usage of fossil fuels, increase in dependence on cars, etc. It disturbed the balance between humans and nature. Climate change is one of the main crises that threaten human beings today. Due to the incidence of environmental crises, such as energy crisis, increased pollution, and climate change caused by population increase and high energy consumption, the quality of life, especially in urban environments, has been reduced. In this paper, a list of effective factors was prepared by conducting library studies and reviewing previous research, then a questionnaire based on the Likert scale was used to collect the opinions of experts in the field of urban planning and development in Kerman city. Then they were analyzed in SPSS software. Afterward, the decision matrix was formed based on the desired indicators and criteria and was ranked using a questionnaire related to the Fuzzy Vikor method based on the criteria of "impact rate", "importance" and "existence of necessary tools". Based on the research outcomes among all the identified influential factors, ten of the most important influential factors include: "providing easy access to public transportation", "locating local facilities and services at the closest distance", "accessibility", “Easy access to the natural environment without harming it "," Design and location of green spaces for both recreational and air purification "," Establishment of advanced waste recycling systems (waste as a source of energy production) "," Using national and religious teachings ", "reducing energy consumption", "minimal dependence on fossil and non-renewable energy sources", "Investing in lighter, greener, cheaper and smarter infrastructure", "Using new technologies to use clean energy", "Paying special attention to waste segregation", “Sewage collection network”, “converting waste to Biogas" were identified.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Urban Infrastructure
  • Carbon Free City
  • Sustainable City
  • Green City
  • Fuzzy Vikor Method
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