امکان‌سنجی استفاده از واقعیت مجازی با تاکید بر کاهش هزینه نازک‌کاری در پروژه‌های مسکونی(مورد مطالعاتی: پروژه‌های ساختمانی مناطق ۱ تا 3 شهر تهران)

نوع مقاله : یادداشت فنی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشگده معماری، دانشگاه پرری ویو اِی اند ام، تگزاس، آمریکا

4 استادیار، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران ایران

چکیده

نداشتن درک صحیح از محصول نهایی پروژه‌ها، یکی از اصلی ترین علل افزایش هزینه نسبت به برنامه اولیه در صنعت ساخت‌وساز است که سرمنشأ بسیاری از اختلافات بین ارکان اصلی پروژه‌هاست. استفاده از فناوری‌های نوین، کشورهای توسعه‌یافته را کمک کرده تا در کنترل هزینه پروژه‌ها پیشرو باشند. واقعیت مجازی یکی از فناوری‌های جدید سال‌های اخیر است که در بسیاری از صنایع از جمله صنعت ساخت‌وساز ورود کرده و در مدت زمانی کوتاه تأثیرات مثبت زیادی در حوزه‌های مختلف مدیریت پروژه از جمله مدیریت هزینه از خود به نمایش گذاشته است. باتوجه‌به قابلیت‌های کلیدی این فناوری در زمینه ایجاد درک صحیح از محصول نهایی به کمک تصویرسازی، و همچنین تأثیر پررنگ نازک‌کاری بر افزایش هزینه پروژه‌های ساختمانی به دلیل ایجاد تغییرات مکرر در حین اجرا، پژوهش حاضر محدود به بررسی تأثیر واقعیت مجازی بر کاهش هزینه در مرحله نازک‌کاری پروژه‌های مسکونی می‌باشد. برای دستیابی به اهداف پژوهش، نخست با مطالعه ادبیات پیشین، 39 عامل افزایش هزینه پروژه‌های ساختمانی استخراج شد که دوباره‌کاری، تغییرات طراحی در حین اجرا و نوسان قیمت مصالح تاثیر گذارترین عوامل بر افزایش هزینه نازک‌کاری پروژه‌ها شناخته شدند. سپس با استفاده از یک پرسشنامه، توسط 10 متخصص باتجربه اعتبارسنجی شد تا از درستی آنها در صنعت ساختمان ایران نیز اطمینان حاصل شود. در گام دوم، بستری جهت پیاده‌سازی واقعیت مجازی طراحی و ساخته شد تا ضمن ارائه تصویری صحیح از محصول پروژه، با ارائه اطلاعات مدیریتی، تجربه استفاده از این فناوری را به عوامل اصلی پروژه بدهد. سپس به کمک مصاحبه‌ای با سؤالات بسته، میزان تاثیر واقعیت مجازی بر کاهش هر یک از عوامل افزایش هزینه پروژه‌های مسکونی سنجیده شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Feasibility Study of Using Virtual Reality with Emphasis on Reducing the Cost of Finishing in Residential Projects (Case study: Construction projects in Districts 1 to 3 of Tehran)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Shoraka 1
  • Ehsan Eshtehardian 2
  • Vahid Faghihi 3
  • Mojtaba Azizi 4
1 Master of Science, Faculty of Art & Architecture. Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Art & Architecture. Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, School of Architecture, Prairie View Texas A&M University, Texas, USA
4 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Art & Architecture. Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Lack of correct understanding of the final product of projects is one of the most important causes of cost overrun in the construction industry, which is the source of many differences between the main elements of projects. The use of new technologies has helped developed countries control the cost of projects. Virtual reality is one of the latest technologies which has entered many industries such as the construction industry in recent years and has positive effects in different areas of project management such as cost management. According to the critical capabilities of these projects in the field of creating a correct understanding of the final product, as well as the strong influence of the finishing on increasing the cost of construction projects, the present study is limited to investigating the effect of virtual reality on cost reduction in the finishing stage of residential projects. Firstly, to achieve the study's objectives, 39 causes of increasing the cost of construction projects were extracted by studying the previous literature. Rework, design changes during execution, and fluctuations in material prices were identified as the most influential factors in growing joinery projects' costs. Then, ten experienced experts validated the accuracy of the results using a questionnaire. Second, a platform was designed to implement virtual reality to provide a correct image of the project product and management information. Then, by an interview, the effect of virtual reality on reducing the cost of finishing residential projects was measured. Finally, by merging the first and second steps of the research, the results showed that virtual reality through reduction of design changes during implementation, rework, and mistakes in virtual reality design have a significant impact on reducing project costs. Also, 25 factors that have not impacted this technology and five other factors that have experienced minimal impact were separated.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Virtual Reality
  • Finishing Cost
  • Cost Overrun
  • Residential Projects
  • Construction Industry
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