تعیین وضعیت بحرانی پل‌ها برای تخصیص تعمیر و نگهداری با تلفیق روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره فازی (مطالعه موردی: پل‌های روگذر شهری تهران)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد بین المللی کیش، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جزیره کیش، ایران

2 استاد یار، گروه مهندسی عمران ، واحد رودهن ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، رودهن ، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد صفادشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، صفادشت، ایران

چکیده

توسعه یک سیستم مدیریت پل جهت ارزیابی وضعیت بحرانی پل‌ها جهت تخصیص تعمیر و نگهداری بسیار حائز اهمیت است. هدف مقاله حاضر توسعه یک سیستم مدیریت پل با استفاده از تلفیق روش‌های نوین تصمیم‌گیری چندمعیاره فازی می‌باشد. سیستم توسعه یافته مشتمل بر یک پروتکل سه فازه است. در فاز اول با بهره‌گیری از مطالعات گذشته، شهود و قضاوت‌های شخصی و تجارب خبرگان اقدام به تهیه پایگاه داده مشتمل بر فاکتورهای موثر بر وضعیت بحرانی پل‌ها و همچنین شناسایی تعدادی پل روگذر شهری با مشخصات نسبتاً یکسان و نیازمند به تعمیر و نگهداری در شهر تهران شد. در فازهای دوم و سوم، با توجه به عدم قطعیت‌های موجود در مسئله تصمیم‌گیری، با ترکیب روش‌های دلفی- سوارا- آراس در محیط فازی، ضمن غربالگری و اولویت‌بندی فاکتورهای بحرانی کارآمدتر، به اولویت‌بندی وضعیت بحرانی پل‌های مورد مطالعه پرداخته شد. نتایج روش سوارای فازی نشان داد که فاکتورهای پرشدگی درز انقطاع و اختلال در عملکرد پل مرتبط با شاخص اصلی سازه‌ای، میانگین و مدت زمان بیشترین بارش سالیانه در محل پل از شاخص اصلی اقلیم و هیدرولوژی، زهکشی، تخلیه آب‌های سطحی و عایق‌بندی پل از شاخص اصلی ایمنی، نزدیکی و راحتی دسترسی پل به راه‌های شریانی مجاور از نظر شاخص اصلی اهمیت استراتژیکی (منطقه‌ای)، نسبت هزینه به فایده برای تعمیر و نگهداری یا بازسازی و تعویض پل از شاخص اصلی بودجه و درنهایت حجم ترافیک عبوری از روی پل از شاخص اصلی ترافیک و روسازی به‌ترتیب رتبه‌های بالاتری را کسب نموده‌اند. همچنین نتایج روش آراس فازی برای رتبه‌بندی 24 پل روگذر شهری مورد مطالعه برحسب فاکتورهای بحرانی نهایی (18 فاکتور) نشان داد که پل‌های شیخ فضل‌اله-ستارخان، حکیم-شیخ بهایی، همت-آفریقا، لشگری-صنایع هواپیمایی و رسالت-حقانی به‌ترتیب با درجه کیفیت (مطلوبیت) نسبی 3.226، 3.171، 3.081، 3.080 و 3.077 ارجح‌ترین پل‌ها جهت تخصیص تعمیر و نگهداری به‌شمار می‌روند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determining the critical status of bridges for allocating the repair and maintenance using hybrid fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making methods (Case study: Tehran urban overpass bridges)

نویسندگان [English]

  • shahnam javadian 1
  • babak aminnejad 2
  • Alireza Lork 3
1 PhD student, Department of Civil Engineering, ,Kish international Branch ,Islamic Azad University, Kish Island ,Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Rudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rudehen, Iran
چکیده [English]

The present paper aimed to develop a bridge management system using a combination of new fuzzy multi-criteria decision making methods. The developed system consists of a three-phase protocol. In the first phase, using past studies, personal intuitions and judgments and experts' experiences, a database containing critical factors affecting the critical condition of bridges was prepared, as well as identifying a number of urban overpass bridges in Tehran city with relatively similar characteristics and in need of maintenance. In the second and third phases, considering the uncertainties in the decision-making problem, by combining Delphi-SWARA-ARAS methods in a fuzzy environment, while screening and prioritizing more efficient and effective critical factors, the critical situation was assessed and the steps studied were selected. The results of Fuzzy SWARA method to determine the effective final factors showed that the factors of seam filling and discontinuity of the bridge related to the main structural index, average and duration of maximum annual rainfall at the bridge location of the main index of climate and hydrology, drainage, water discharge Surface and insulation of the bridge from the main index of safety, proximity and convenience of bridge access to adjacent arterial roads in terms of the main index of strategic (regional) importance, cost-benefit ratio for maintenance or reconstruction and replacement of the bridge from the main budget index and finally The volume of traffic passing over the bridge has gained higher ranks than the main index of traffic and pavement, respectively. Also, the results of Fuzzy ARAS method based on final critical factors (18 factors) showed that among the 24 bridges, Sheikh Fazlollah-SattarKhan, Hakim-Sheikh Baha'i, Hemmat-Africa, Lashkari-Aircraft industries bridges And Resalat-Haqqani with usefulness of 3.226, 3.171, 3.081, 3.080 and 3.077, respectively, are considered as the most preferred bridges in terms of the need for maintenance allocation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bridge Management System
  • Critical Status of Bridges
  • Repair and Maintenance
  • Fuzzy Decision Making Methods
  • Tehran Urban Overpass Bridges
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