توسعه منحنی شکنندگی لرزه ای قاب های دارای مهاربند کمانش‌تاب مجهز به مصالح هوشمند تحت توالی زلزله اصلی و پس لرزه

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی شهید نیکبخت، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد رامسر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رامسر، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

قاب‌های دارای مهاربند کمانش‌تاب (BRB)، شکل‌پذیری و ظرفیت استهلاک انرژی مطلوبی دارند اما این مهاربندها با توجه به عدم کمانش در برابر فشار، دارای تغییرشکل‌های پسماند می‌باشند. ازاین‌رو استفاده از آلیاژ حافظه‌دار شکلی (SMA) در قاب‌های مذکور به‌منظور کاهش آسیب‌پذیری لرزه‌ای مرتبط با جابجایی ماندگار مؤثر می‌باشد. این آلیاژها بدون نیاز به تعویض پس از وقوع زلزله و توانایی تغییرشکل‌های زیاد و برگشت‌پذیری به حالت اولیه خود شناخته می‌شوند. تحلیل‌ شکنندگی لرزه‌ای یکی از مهم‌ترین روش‌ها در طراحی بر مبنای عملکرد می‌باشد که منجر به توسعه‌ی منحنی‌های شکنندگی می‌گردند. منحنی‌ شکنندگی ابزاری توانمند برای ارزیابی احتمالاتی آسیب‌پذیری لرزه‌ای سازه‌ها به شمار می‌رود. در این مقاله، رفتار لرزه‌ای قاب‌های مجهز به مهاربند کمانش‌تاب و تأثیر اضافه کردن آلیاژ حافظه‌دار شکلی موردمطالعه قرار گرفته‌است. بدین منظور سه قاب‌ دوبعدی با تعداد طبقات 3‌، 6 و 9 در‌ نرم-افزارOpenSees در نظر گرفته‌شده است. عملکرد قاب‌های دارای مهاربندهای کمانش تاب در دو حالت با و بدون آلیاژهای حافظه‌دار شکلی با استفاده از تحلیل‌های دینامیکی غیرخطی تاریخچه زمانی بررسی‌شده است. برای توسعه‌ی منحنی‌های شکنندگی از 7 شتاب‌نگاشت تکان قوی شامل زلزله‌ی اصلی و پس‌لرز‌ه‌های متوالی استفاده‌شده است. با تعریف سه سطح عملکردی استفاده بی‌وقفه‌ (IO)، ایمنی جانی (LS) و آستانه‌ی فروریزش (CP) و بر اساس حداکثر تغییرشکلِ نسبی میان طبقه‌ای و حداکثر برش پایه، مقادیر توابع احتمال فرا گذشت از سطوح عملکردی محاسبه‌شده‌اند. از مقایسه‌ی منحنی‌های شکنندگی مشخص شد که قابِ دارای آلیاژ حافظه‌دار شکلی اغلب دارای محدوده‌ی عملکردی IO و ‌‌ LSمی‌باشد و احتمال رخداد سطح عملکردی آستانه‌ی فروریزش 38 درصد و در حالت بدون آلیاژ حافظه‌دار شکلی دارای محدوده‌ی عملکردی CP و با احتمال 65 درصد خواهد بود. با استفاده از آلیاژ حافظه‌دار شکلی در این قاب‌ها می‌توان هزینه‌ی بازیابی سیستم خسارت‌دید‌ه‌ی ساختمانی را کاهش داده و سیستم برگشت‌پذیرتری داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Seismic Fragility Curve Development of Frames with BRB’s Equipped with Smart Materials subjected to Mainshock-Aftershock Ground Motion

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyede vahide Hashemi 1
  • Majid Pouraminian 2
  • Abbasali Sadeghi 3
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering (Shahid Nikbakht), University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
2 Department of civil engineering , Islamic Azad University, Ramsar Branch , Ramsar, Iran
3 PhD Candidate, Department of Civil Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

The frames with Buckling Restrained Braces (BRB’s) are used as a lateral system. The braces often have a limit amount of ductility and dissipated energy in cyclic loading. Therefore, the use of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA’s) in braced frames with regard to the specific properties of these can be an effective improvement in the seismic behaviour of frames. These alloys become known without the need for replacement after an earthquake and the possibility of many deformations and reversal to initial state. Seismic fragility analysis is one of the most important methods in seismic performance-based design that which lead to seismic fragility curves. Fragility curve is a powerful tool for probabilistic vulnerability assessment of structures. In this paper, seismic behavior of frames with BRB’s and the effect of utilizing SMA’s were studied. Then, three 2D-frames with 3, 6 and 9 story were utilized. The OpenSees software used for the nonlinear time history analysis of frames. The BRB’s considered in two cases, with and without SMA’s. For development of fragility curves, 7 strong ground motion accelerograms including main shock-aftershock earthquake records utilized. By defining the three performance levels for Immediate Occupancy (IO), Life Safety (LS) and Collapse Prevention (CP) based on maximum drift and base shear, the values of the probability of exceedance from these thresholds has been calculated. By comparison the achieved curves, it was found that the frames with the SMA often has the range of IO and LS performance, and the probability of occurrence of the CP level is 38% and in the case of the without SMA the CP performance level will have the of 65%. Using a SMA’s in these frames can reduce the cost of restoring and recovering of damaged systems and make the more resilience building system.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fragility Curve
  • Buckling Restrained Brace (BRB)
  • Shape Memory alloy (SMA)
  • Mainshock-Aftershock Ground Motion Records
  • Resilience
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