Cement blocks are widely used in the construction industry and urban infrastructure. Permeability is a key factor that affects the durability and service life of structures. Among the main factors influencing durability are severe environmental conditions, which cause physical and chemical changes leading to premature deterioration, reduced performance, and high costs for repair and rehabilitation. Therefore, producing materials with lower permeability and higher strength is of particular importance.In this study, using advanced and in-situ testing methods, namely the cylindrical chamber and torsion tests, the effect of wetting–drying cycles in a sulfate environment was investigated, and an empirical relationship was developed to predict compressive strength at different cycle numbers. Overall, two series of specimens were prepared for testing. The first series consisted of ready-made curb and paving blocks obtained from a factory. The second series included cement blocks, paving blocks, and concrete specimens with compressive strengths of 25, 30, 30 (with microsilica), 35, and 45 MPa, which were fabricated in the laboratory and subjected to the aforementioned tests.Analysis of the results showed that wetting–drying cycles in a sulfate environment up to 80 cycles had a positive effect, while from 80 to 120 cycles it led to a reduction in strength and an increase in permeability. The compressive strength of curb and paving blocks increased by 7% and 11% after 80 cycles, and decreased by 6% and 3% after 120 cycles, respectively. Similarly, surface strength obtained from the torsion test increased by 3% and 5% after 40 cycles, and decreased by 8% and 5% after 120 cycles. The permeability test results for curb and paving blocks indicated that these blocks possess high porosity, and their permeability values are not within acceptable limits. This issue explains the extensive damage observed in pavements and walkways.