مهندسی سازه و ساخت

مهندسی سازه و ساخت

زمان‌بندی پروژه‌ها و مسطح‌سازی منابع با استفاده از بهینه‌سازی ازدحام ذرات

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 مربی، دانشکده مدیریت پروژه، هیات علمی دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
2 مهندس ارشد دفتر فنی، شرکت هوایار، اهواز، ایران.
چکیده
یکی از اهداف اصلی مدیریت پروژه، به حداقل رساندن نوسانات در بارگذاری منابع است. این امر منجر به افزایش استفاده از تجهیزات و نیروی کار موجود می شود. به عبارت دیگر افزایش بهره وری کار ضروری است. هنگام حل مسائل تسطیح منابع ساخت و ساز، رویکردهای تحلیلی سنتی ناکارآمد و غیر قابل انعطاف هستند. بنابراین، بسیاری از تکنیک‌های اکتشافی برای غلبه بر اشکالات الگوریتم‌های تراز کردن منابع ساخت و ساز سنتی برای این مشکل ایجاد شده‌اند. آنها بر اساس اعداد به دست آمده از برخی محاسبات، اولویت ها را به فعالیت های پروژه اختصاص می دهند. در این تحقیق بهینه‌سازی ازدحام ذرات با هدف یافتن محدوده تاخیر هر فعالیت در یک پروژه که زمان پروژه و شاخص مسطح‌سازی منابع را بهینه می‌کند، اتخاذ شده است. این پروژه شامل فعالیت های مرتبط با روابط تقدم و تاخر از نوع پایان-شروع با تاخیر زمانی صفر است که به مجموعه ای از منابع تجدیدپذیر نیاز دارد. این رویکرد روی یک مساله آزمایش شد. نتایج محاسباتی اثربخشی الگوریتم پیشنهادی را تایید می‌کنند. علاوه بر این، برای مطالعه کارایی محاسباتی مدل، از آن برای پروژه‌های واقعی با ساختارها و اندازه‌های مختلف با فعالیت‌های گزینه‌های مختلف منابع-زمان استفاده شد. نتیجه گیری شد که مدل مستقل از این عوامل است. در مجموع، زمینه کاربردی روش ارائه شده گسترده است و برای پروژه های واقعی کاربرد زیادی دارد. به دلایل زیاد از جمله بهبود وضعیت مدیران، بهتر عمل کردن از خیلی الگوریتم های قوی گذشته، کیفیت راه حل بهبودیافته، مدت زمان اجرای کمتر آن و فراهم کردن امکان تحلیل ریسک، تاخیر و رابطه بین فعالیت ها.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Scheduling Projects and Levelling Resources by Particle Swarm Optimization

نویسندگان English

fateme jazebi 1
moslem bakhshi 2
1 instructor, project management, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Senior Engineer, BSc, Havayar Company, Iran, Ahwaz, Department of Technical office
چکیده English

One of the main objectives of project management is fluctuations minimization in resource loading. This leads to increasing the utilization of equipment and labor force available. In the other words it is essential to increase work productivity. When solving construction resource levelling problems, traditional analytical approaches are inefficient and inflexible. Therefore, Many heuristic techniques have been developed for this problem to overcome drawbacks of traditional construction resource levelling algorithms. They assign priorities to the project activities based on measures obtained from some calculations. In this research particle swarm optimization is adopted to aim at finding delay range of each activity in a project that optimizes project time and resource levelling index. The project contains activities interrelated by finish-start type precedence relations with a time lag of zero, which require a set of renewable resources. The approach was tested on a problem. The computational results validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. In addition, to study the computational efficiency of the model, it was applied for real projects of different structures and sizes with activities of different time–resource options. It was concluded that it is independent from these factors. Altogether, the application field of the presented method is wide and of great use for real projects, because of many reasons such as improvement of the situation of managers, outperforming many past robust algorithms, its improved solution quality and lower runtime, providing the possibility of risk, delay and activities' relationships analysis.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Optimization
Particle Swarm
Resource
Leveling
Delay Range
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  • تاریخ دریافت 19 بهمن 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 27 اردیبهشت 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 18 تیر 1404