[1] Tasnimi, A, (2005), Behavior of brick walls according to Standard No. 2800, Road, Housing & Urban Development Research Center.
[2] Benedetti, D., Craydis, P., Pezzoli, p., (1998), Shaking table tests on 24 Sample masonry buildings, EESD, 27 (1), 67-90.
[3] Benedetti, D., Castoldi, A., (1982), Dynamic and static experimental analyses of Stone masonry Buildings, 7ECEE, Vol. 5, 179-188.
[4] Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings, Standard No. 2800, 4th Edition, Iranian Building codes and standards, Road, housing and Urban Development Research Center, BHRC-PN S-253.
[5] Magenes, G., Calvi, G., (1994), Shaking table test of brick Masonry walls, IOECEE, Vienna, Austria.
[6] Gavrilovic, P., (1996), Shaking table tests of adobe Structures, IZIIS 6-36.
[7] Gavilovic, P., Ginell, W., tolles, L., Sendova, V., (1996), Shaking table tests of adobe structural, IZISS, 96-36.
[8] Jurakovski, D., et.al, (1992), Shaking table tests of three-four–story brick masonry models, LOWCEE, Vol.5, 2795-2800.
[10] Tomazevic and Turnsek, (1982), Verification of seismic resistance of masonry buildings, Proc. Br. Ceram, Soc. No. 30,360-369.
[11] Abram, D.P., and Costley, S.C., (1996), Dynamic Response of unreinforced masonry buildings with flexible diaphragms, NCEER-96-0001.
[12] Li, J., M.J. Masia, M.G. Stewart, and S.J. Lawrence., (2014). Spatial Variability and Stochastic Strength Prediction of Unreinforced Masonry Walls in Vertical Bending. Engineering Structures 59 (1): 787–797. doi:10.1016/j. engstruct.2013.11.031.
[13] Li, J., M.J. Masia, M.G. Stewart, and S.J. Lawrence., (2016), Spatial Correlation of Material Properties and Structural Strength of Masonry in Horizontal Bending, ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering 142 (11): 04016112. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001488.
[14] Agha Babayi Mobarake Alireza, Mirghaderi Rasol, Khan Mohammadi Mohammad, (2018), Experimental-analytical investigation of seismic behavior of non-reinforced building materials using field tests, Ph.D Dissertation, Civil Engineering department, Tehran University.
[15] Paulay, T. and Priestley, M.J.N., (1992), Seismic design of reinforced concrete and masonry buildings, John Wiley , Sons, New York.
[16] Kheyroddin A, Ghodrati, G., (2009), Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Historical Masonry Building of Imam Khomeini (Sultani) Mosque in Semnan, 8th National Congress on Civil Engineering, 2009, Shiraz, Iran.
[17] Aalijahan M., Zamani Ahari G., (2022), Evaluation and Comparison of Capability of Finite Element and Discrete Element Methods for Predicting In-Plane Behavior of unreinforced Masonry Wall, Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering, 8(12), pp.69-84, 10.22065/jsce.2021.262722.2314.
[18] Tomazevic , Turnsek, Verification of the seismic resistance of masonry buildings, (1982), Proc. Br. Ceram. Soc. No. 30, 360-369.
[19] Abram, D.P., and Costley, S.C., (1996), Dynamic Response of unreinforced masonry buildings with flexible diaphragms, NCEER-96-0001.
[20] Jung-Han Lee and Chenghao Li and Sanghoon Oh and Won-Jik Yang and W. Yi, (2008), Evaluation of Rocking and Toe Crushing Failure of Unreinforced Masonry Walls, Advances in Structural Engineering, 2008, 11,475 – 489.
[21] Haj Najafi L., Kheyroddin A., Kioumarsi M.,(2025), Reliability assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings using fragility curves for collapse and non-collapse scenarios, Journal of Building Engineering, 101(111884), 10.1016/j.jobe.2025.111884.
[22] Ostad D. and Shafaei J., (2021), Comparison of Analytical Methods for Modeling Masonry Infill by Considering In-Plane and Out-of-Plane Interaction, Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering, 8(3), pp.96-113, 10.22065/jsce.2019.171512.1782.
[23] NEHRP Recommended Seismic Provisions, (2016), Design Examples, FEMA P-1051/July.
[24] Ghodrati Amiri G., Razeghi H., and Doosti L., (2019), Presentation of analytical fragility curves for masonry buildings of Iranian schools, Sharif Civil Engineering Journal, Vol. 31-2 (4.2), Pages 145-156.
[25] Instruction for Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Unreinforced Masonry Buildings Code No. 376, (2007), Management and Planning Organization Office of Deputy for Technical Affairs Technical Criteria Codification & Earthquake Risk Reduction Affairs Bureau, Iran.
[26] Magenes Guido, Kingsley Gregory R, Calvi Gian Michele. (1995), Seismic Testing of a Full-Scale, Two-Story Masonry Building: Test Procedure and Measured Experimental Response: Department of Structural Mechanics, University of Pavia.
[27] Karimi A H, Karimi M S, Kheyroddin A, Shahkarami A. A, (2016), Experimental and Numerical Study on Seismic Behavior of An Infilled Masonry Wall Compared to An Arched Masonry Wall, Structures, Volume 8, Part 1, November, Pages 144-153.
[28] Erbay O, Omer O, Abrams DP. (2001), Seismic rehabilitation of unreinforced masonry shear walls. In: 9th Canadian Masonry Symposium.
[29] Federal Emergency Management Agency FEMA 356, (2000), U.S.A, November.
[30] Beyer K., (2012), Peak and residual strengths of brick masonry spandrels, Engineering Structures;41:533–47.
[31] Medina R.A. and Krawinkler H., (2003), Seismic Demands for Nondeteriorating Frame Structures and Their Dependence on Ground Motions, Blume Earthquake Engineering Center, Ph.D dissertation, TR-144, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University.
[32] SAC Database Center, Structural Engineers Association of California (SEA), Applied Technology Council (ATC), California Universities for Engineering (CUREE), (2024), Retrieved May 05, http://www.sacsteel.org.
[33] PEER Strong Ground Motion Database, (2024), Retrieved May 05, [Online]. Available: http://peer.berkeley.edu/peer_ground_motion_database.
[34] Haj Najafi L and Tehranizadeh M (2015), Ground motion selection and scaling in practice, Periodical Polytechnica - Civil Engineering, 59(2): 233-248, DOI:10.3311/PPci.7808.
[35] COSMOS Ground Motions Databases, (2024), Retrieved May 05, [online]. Available:http://db.cosmos-eq.org/scripts/default.plx.
[36] Strong-motions Seismograph Networks, (2024), Retrieved May 05, [Online]. Available: http://www.k-net.bosai.go.jp
[37] ASCE/SEI 7-10, (2022), Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Virginia.
[38] Park, Y.J. and Ang, A.H.S. (1985), Mechanistic seismic damage model for reinforced concrete, Journal of Structural Engineering, 111, pages 722-739.
[39] Chung, Y.S., Meyer, C., and Shinozuka, M. (1987). Seismic damage assessment of reinforced concrete members, Report NCEER-87-0022, National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY.
[40] Park, Y.J., Ang, A.H.S. and Wen, Y.K. (1987), Damage-limiting a seismic design of buildings, Earthquake Spectra, vol: 3, 1-26.
[41] Performance Assessment Calculation Tool (PACT), (2014), FEMA P-58-3, Seismic Performance Assessment of Buildings, Volume 3 – Implementation Guide, Second Edition.
[42] Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), (2022), Seismic Performance Assessment of Buildings, Volume 1 – Methodology,” Report No. FEMA P-58-1, Applied Technology Council, Washington, D.C.
[43] Mitrani-Reiser, J. Beck, J., (2007), An Ounce of Prevention: Probabilistic Loss Estimation for Performance-based Earthquake Engineering, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA.
[44] RSMeans Square Foot Costs, (2019), 35th Edition, RSMeans Engineering Department, https://www.rsmeansonline.com.
[45] Aslani, H. and Miranda, E., (2005), Probabilistic Earthquake Loss Estimation and Loss Disaggregation in Buildings, Report No. 157. Stanford, CA: John A. Blume Earthquake Engineering Center, Stanford University.
[46] Design and Implementation of Buildings With Masonry Materials, National Building Regulations Code No. 8., (2021), National Building Regulations Office, Road, Housing and Urban Development Research Center, Iran.