اولویت بندی و تحلیل ریسک های توسعه و اجرای ساختمان سبز با استفاده از تلفیق تکنیک تحلیل سلسله مراتبی و فازی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی و مدیریت ساخت، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

ساختمان سبز به عنوان یک روش مؤثر برای تعامل بین توسعه سریع ساخت‌وساز، حفظ منابع با داشتن کمترین تأثیر بر محیط زیست و توزیع انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر و پاک تلقی می‌شود. در حالی که ساختمان سبز چنین منافع بالقوه‌ای را دارا می‌باشد، ریسک-های مرتبط با ساختمان‌های سبز کمتر مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته‌اند. لذا هدف این تحقیق شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی ریسک‌های پیش‌رو توسعه و اجرای ساختمان‌های سبز در کشور‌ ایران است و تعیین میزان اهمیت محدودیت‌های چهارگانه پروژه در مؤثرترین ریسک‌های شناسایی شده و اولویت‌بندی محدودیت‌ها در پروژه‌های ساختمان‌‌سازی سبز است. در این تحقیق با بررسی و ارزیابی موضوع ریسک توسعه و اجرای ساختمان‌های سبز در منابع علمی و پژوهشی، 10 ریسک مشتمل بر: اقتصادی، قراردادی، مدیریتی، آموزشی، قانونی، صنعت، عملکردی، بازار، زیست‌محیطی و ایمنی شناسایی شد. سپس با طراحی و تدوین ابزار پرسشنامه، اهداف تحقیق طی دو مرحله مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در مرحله اول ریسک‌های شناسایی شده با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) اولویت‌بندی گردید و مؤثرترین ریسک‌ها تعیین شد. طی مرحله دوم با هدف تعیین میزان اهمیت محدودیت‌های چهارگانه مدیریت پروژه (هزینه، زمان، کیفیت و حوزه‌کاری) و میزان تأثیر مؤثرترین ریسک‌ها بر چهار محدودیت، به روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی (FAHP) ارزیابی و تعیین گردید. نتایج مرحله اول نشان داد که پنج ریسک اقتصادی، بازار، عملکردی، صنعت و ایمنی، مؤثرترین ریسک‌های توسعه و اجرای ساختمان‌های سبز است. نتایج مرحله دوم نشان داد که اهمیت محدودیت کیفیت در اولویت اول و پس از آن به ترتیب هزینه، زمان و حوزه‌کاری در اولویت‌های بعدی قرار گرفت، به طوری که هزینه در ریسک اقتصادی و بازار، حوزه‌کاری در ریسک عملکردی، زمان در ریسک صنعت، و در نهایت کیفیت در ریسک ایمنی بالاترین اولویت را کسب کردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Ranking and analysing the risks of green building development and construction using the combination of hierarchical and fuzzy analysis techniques

نویسندگان [English]

  • shadi noruzi 1
  • Hashem Shariatmadar 2
1 M.Sc. of Engineering and Construction Management ,Faculty of Engineering. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Associated professor, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Green building is considered as an effective method for the interaction between the rapid development of construction, conservation of resources with the least impact on the environment, and the distribution of renewable and clean energy. While green building has such potential benefits, the risks associated with green buildings have been less evaluated. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify and rank the upcoming risks of the development and construction of green buildings in Iran, and to determine the importance of the four limitations of the project in the most effective identified risks and to prioritize the limitations in green building projects. In this research, 10 risks were identified including: economic, contractual, managerial, educational, legal, industry, functional, market, environmental and safety, by examining and evaluating the issue of the development and construction of green buildings in scientific and research sources. Then, by designing and compiling the questionnaire tool, the research objectives were evaluated in two stages. In the first step, the identified risks were ranked using the Analytical Hierarchy (AHP) method and the most effective risks were determined. During the second stage, with the aim of determining the importance of the four limitations of project management and the impact of the most effective risks on the four limitations, it was evaluated and determined by the Fuzzy Hierarchy Analysis (FAHP) method. The results of the first stage showed that the five economic, market, performance, industry and safety risks are the most effective risks for the development and construction of green buildings. The results of the second phase showed that the importance of quality limitation was the first priority, and after that, cost, time, and work area were placed in the next priorities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Risk management
  • Green building
  • Analytical Hierarchy Process
  • Fuzzy
  • Quadruple constraints

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 13 اردیبهشت 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 خرداد 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 خرداد 1402

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