بررسی روابط ریاضی تقریبی و دقیق جهت تعیین حداکثر فشار و عدد شدت تزریق دوغاب سیمان در سنگ های درزه دار با هدف جلوگیری از جکینگ هیدرولیکی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه مهندسی عمران دانشکده فنی و مهندسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز، تبریز،ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تبریز ایران و مربی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مهاباد

3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

4 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران دانشکده فنی و مهندسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تبریز ایران

5 استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران دانشکده فنی و مهندسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز ، ،تبریز ،ایران

چکیده

در درزه های سنگی پی سدها جهت جلوگیری از نشت آب و استحکام پی، تزریق دوغاب سیمانی انجام می‌شود. یکی از روش های کنترل عملیات تزریق روش عدد شدت تزریق(GIN) بوده که برابر با حاصلضرب فشار و حجم تزریق بوده و بیانگر انرژی تزریق می-باشد. فشار در درزه های سنگی ایجاد نیروی بالابرنده هیدرولیکی نموده که نباید از حد مجاز خود بیشتر شود تا منجر به جکینگ و شکست هیدرولیکی نگردد. در این مقاله پلان درزه مورد تزریق که به شکل استوانه ای نازک به شعاع طول گسترش تزریق ساده سازی و مدل شده و بر این مبنا رابطه نیروی بالابرنده هیدرولیکی با فشار و عدد شدت تزریق تعیین گردیده و در این راستا ضریبی تحت عنوان ضریب بازشدگی درزه برای جریان دوغاب تعریف و مقدار آن بر اساس نفوذپذیری سنگ بدست آمده است. سپس با توجه به هندسه توده سنگی- خاکی بالای درزه استوانه‌‌‌ ای، که به شکل مخروط ناقص با زاویه β در نظر گرفته شده است، برای اولین بار روابط ریاضی جهت تعیین نیروی بالابرنده هیدرولیکی مجاز برای مقادیر مختلف β به دو روش تقریبی و دقیق (بر اساس فرمول های تقریبی و دقیق حجم مخروط ناقص) تعیین و با هم مقایسه شده‌اند. سپس بر مبنای اینکه نیروی بالابرنده هیدرولیکی نباید از حد مجاز بیشتر باشد، فشار ماکزیمم و عدد شدت تزریق ماکزیمم تعیین شده‌اند. در انتها با تعریف دو پارامتر بدون دیمانسیونِ فشار نرمال و طول گسترش نرمال، حداکثر فشار نرمال برای اینکه نیروی بالابرنده هیدرولیکی در حد مجاز بوده و جکینگ و شکست هیدرولیکی اتفاق نیافتد، تعیین شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Approximate and precise mathematical equations to determine the grouting maximum pressure and grouting intensity number of cement grout in joint rocks to prevent hydraulic jacking

نویسندگان [English]

  • yousef zandi 1
  • Farhad Gazi 2
  • Sina Fard Moradinia 3
  • rouzbeh dabiri 4
  • Rasoul Jani 5
1 Civil Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Assistant professor,Department of civil engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic azad University, Tabriz, Iran
4 Department of Civil Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
5 Department of Civil Engineering, Tabriz Branch , Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Cement grout is grouted in rock joints of the foundations of dams to prevent water leakage and strengthen the foundation. One of the techniques used to control the grouting operation is the grouting intensity number (GIN), which is equal to the sum of the grouting pressure and volume and represents the grouting energy. Pressure in the rock joints creates a hydraulic lifting force that should not exceed its allowable limit so as not to lead hydraulic jacking and failure. The maximum pressure and grouting intensity number are determined accordingly. Simplifying the plan of the grouted joint, which is modeled as a thin cylinder with a radius of the grouting extension radius, the present study determines the relationship between hydraulic lifting force with grouting pressure and grouting intensity number. In this regard, the joint aperture coefficient was defined and determined based on the rock permeability (the amount of joint aperture). Then, following the geometry of rock-soil mass at the top of the joint, which is considered as a truncated cone with a β angle, for the first time approximate and exact mathematical equations were obtained to determine the permissible hydraulic lifting force (based on the approximate and exact formulas of truncated cone volume). Besides, its approximate and exact mathematical equations were compared. Then, following the principle that the hydraulic lifting force should not exceed the allowable limit, the maximum pressure and grouting intensity number were determined. Finally, by defining two parameters the normal pressure and the normal spreading length, the maximum normal pressure was set so that the hydraulic lifting force to be within the allowable range and prevent hydraulic jacking and failure

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Magnetic Allowable hydraulic lifting force
  • Grouting pressure
  • Grouting Intensity Number (GIN)
  • Rock permeability
  • Normal grouting extension length
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