ارزیابی کارآئی سیستم نگهداری و تعمیر ساختمان‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه عمران، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 استاد مهندسی مکانیک ماشین آلات کشاورزی، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

هدف اصلی سیستم نگهداری و تعمیرات (نت) ساختمان کنترل وضعیت تجهیزات و تاسیسات و اجزائ مختلف ساختمان جهت تعیین بهره‌وری و بهینه کردن توانائی آنها به منظور دستیابی به بالاترین کارآئی می‌باشد. از آنجا که اندازه‌گیری کارایی یکی از مهمترین روش‌های ارزیابی عملکرد می باشد لذا ارزیابی کارآئی سیستم نگهداری و تعمیرات (نت) یکی از عوامل کیفی در ارتقاء این سیستم بشمار می‌آید. در این پژوهش، هدف ارزیابی عملکرد و بررسی کارایی سیستم نت در ساختمانها با استفاده از روش کمی و قابل اثبات تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها می‌باشد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که روش تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها، روشی مناسب برای ارزیابی کارایی و بهره‌وری واحدهای تصمیم‌گیری می‌باشد. از این رو، ابتدا پرسشنامه‌ای بر اساس پارامترهای سیستم نگهداری و تعمیرات ساختمان که از مبحث 22 مقررات ملی ساختمان استخراج شده، تهیه گردید. سپس رتبه‌ها تعیین و نتایج بدست آمده از زیر شاخص ها باتوجه به روش میانگین رتبه با یکدیگر ادغام و پایائی پرسشنامه ها با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ سنجیده شد. در نهایت با تعیین شاخص‌های خروجی و ورودی، با استفاده از روش تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها میزان کارآئی هر یک از ساختمانها مبتنی بر شاخص‌های سیستم نت و هزینه آن (در مطالعه موردی شهر کرج) مشخص گردید. نتایج نشان داد میزان کاهش حداقل و حداکثر مقدار هزینه شارژ، نگهداری و تعمیرات ساختمان برای تبدیل آنها به ساختمان کارا بترتیب 1% و 80% بدست آمده است. همچنین با بررسی نتایج، برای بهبود کارایی هر کدام از ساختمان های ناکارا بر اساس هزینه‌های نگهداری و تعمیر، می توان پیشنهادهای بهبود کارایی را ارائه داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Efficiency of Building Repair and Maintenance System Using Data Envelopment Analysis Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad kheradranjbar 1
  • Mirali Mohammadi 2
  • Shaihin Rafiee 3
1 Phd Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Professor in Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Given the importance of the repair and maintenance process in keeping equipment and facilities ready for use, it is necessary to assess the process and performance of maintenance indicators regularly so that the repair and maintenance is planned and upgraded. The main purpose of the building repair and maintenance is to control the equipment, facilities, and various building components to determine productivity and optimize their ability to achieve the highest efficiency. As measuring the efficiency is one of the most important performance evaluation methods, evaluating the efficiency of the repair and maintenance is one of the qualitative factors to improve this system. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficiency and performance of the repair and maintenance in buildings using a quantitative and provable data envelopment analysis (DEA) method. The results of this study show that the DEA is a suitable method for evaluating the efficiency and productivity of the decision-making units (DMUs).Therefore, first, the questionnaire is formed based on the building repair and maintenance system parameters extracted from Topic 22 of the National Building Code, the ranks are determined, and the results obtained from the sub-indices are integrated by the mean ranking index, and the qestionnaires’ reliability is measured using Cronbach's alpha. Finally, after defining the input and output indices by the DEA, the efficiency of each building and its cost are determined based on the repair and maintenance indices(In a case study of the city of Karaj). The results showed that the minimum and maximum reduction of the cost of charging, maintenance and repair of the building to convert them into an efficient building is 1% and 80%, respectively. Moreover, based on the results, it is possible to provide suggestions to improve the efficiency of the inefficient buildings based on the repair and maintenance costs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Repair and Maintenance
  • Building
  • Efficiency
  • Performance Appraisal
  • Data Envelopment Analysis
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