Noise pollution is one of the most important environmental and health issues of the present era, which is expanding due to urban population growth, industrial development, and the expansion of transportation. One of the main strategies to address noise pollution is the use of sound insulation systems that can prevent sound transmission and reduce its negative effects on both indoor and outdoor environments. In this regard, concrete, as a well-known construction material with high mechanical properties, plays a special role in reducing noise pollution. Ordinary concrete naturally has properties that block the passage of some sound waves. However, the use of sound-insulating concrete can further improve noise reduction performance. Such concrete, with specific additives, has an increased ability to absorb and dissipate sound waves. In this study, the effect of adding nano antimony oxide to concrete and its influence on acoustic and mechanical properties were investigated. The aim of this research was to enhance the acoustic performance of concrete to reduce sound transmission and to increase its mechanical strength through the use of nano antimony. For this purpose, nano antimony dioxide was used at various ratios of 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, and 0.9% by weight of cement in the concrete mixtures, which were subjected to slump, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and sound transmission loss tests using an impedance tube. The results showed that the use of 0.9% nano antimony oxide can improve the acoustic performance of concrete, including reducing sound transmission. In addition, the use of 0.3% nano antimony oxide increased the 90-day compressive strength of concrete by 22%. However, the use of this material had no significant effect on the flexural or tensile strength of the concrete.