Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering

Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering

Investigating the Relationship Between Bulk and Surface Electrical Resistivity in Concrete Containing Microsilica

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Ahmad Salehi 1
Ehsan Jahani 2
Mohammad Rezanejad 3
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran
2 Civil Engineering Department, Technology and Engineering Faculty, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran
3 Electrical Engineering Department, Technology and Engineering Faculty, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran
10.22065/jsce.2025.495744.3610
Abstract
This paper investigates the effects of microsilica as a partial replacement for cement on the compressive strength, electrical resistance, and durability of concrete. Concrete specimens were prepared with varying percentages of microsilica (0 to 30% by cement weight) and a constant water-to-cement ratio (0.48). The specimens were tested for various mechanical and electrical properties. The results indicated that adding up to 15% microsilica significantly increased compressive strength (maximum value of 588.64 kg/cm² at 120 days) and improved the matrix structure of the concrete. However, microsilica content beyond 15% resulted in reduced compressive strength due to decreased hydrated cement content and increased non-reactive materials. Additionally, bulk and surface electrical resistivity increased significantly up to 20% microsilica replacement, indicating reduced permeability and enhanced resistance to corrosive agents. Microsilica transforms calcium hydroxide into calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) gel, reducing porosity, improving the matrix density, and increasing the durability of concrete against the penetration of chloride ions and other harmful chemical agents. A linear and significant correlation (R² > 0.99) was observed between bulk and surface electrical resistivity. These findings suggest that electrical resistivity can be used as a quick and non-destructive method for assessing concrete quality, particularly for microsilica-containing concretes in harsh environmental conditions such as coastal and industrial areas.
Keywords
Concrete Durability
Cement
Microsilica
Permeability
Electrical Resistivity

Subjects

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Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering
Volume 12, Issue 07 - Serial Number 96
October 2025
Pages 264-286

  • Receive Date 02 April 2025
  • Revise Date 12 June 2025
  • Accept Date 16 July 2025