Estimation of yield displacement of steel bending frames with elliptical bracing, required in displacement-based direct design method

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student, Islamic Azad University, Roudhan Branch, Department of Civil Engineering, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad University, Shahriar Branch, Department of Civil Engineering, Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad University, Rodhan Branch, Department of Civil Engineering, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

One of the important parameters in the process of calculating the basic shear force in the direct design method based on displacement is the estimation of the displacement displacement based on the geometric characteristics of the structure. In this article, an attempt has been made to investigate the relationship between displacement and yield of steel structures with elliptical bracing in the direct design process based on displacement. For this purpose, 24 models of bending frames with oval braces with different number of floors 6, 9, 12 and 15 floors, with different number of openings 3 and 6 openings have been studied. The various analyzes performed include non-linear static analyses, non-linear dynamic analyzes with seven artificial acceleration maps and seven natural acceleration maps according to the design spectrum of the structures. SAP2000 software has been used for the design and analysis. The obtained results show that for structures with 6 floors and above, this relationship should be reduced by 30%.

The basic philosophy in the displacement-based direct design method is that structures should be designed to achieve a specified level of performance, this performance level can be defined by specifying strain limits or relative lateral displacement under the effect of specific hazard levels. In fact, this method can be considered a step-by-step method leading to the limit forces of the members. In this method, instead of using the characteristics of the original multi-degree-of-freedom structure, an alternative single-degree-of-freedom structure with inelastic characteristics of the original structure is used.

Keywords

Main Subjects


  • Priestley, M.J.N. (1993) “Myths and Fallacies in Earthquake Engineering – Conflicts Between Design and Reality” Bulletin, NZSEE 26(3), pp329-341.
  • Shibata, A .and Sozen ,M.” substitute structure method for seismic design in reinforce concrete “,ASCE journal of structure engineering1976 102(1) ,pp 1-18.
  • J.N. Priestley, G.M. Calvi, M.J.Kowalsky,. (2007) Displacement-based Seismic Design of Structures. IUSS Press, Pavia.ISBN: 978-88-6198-000-6
  • Wijesundara KK, Nascimbene R, Sullivan TJ (2011) Equivalent viscous damping for steel concentrically braced frame structures. Bull Earthq Eng 9(5):1535–1558.
  • Blandon, C., A.; (2004), “Equivalent viscous damping equations for direct displacement based design” A disseration submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the master degree in earthquke engineering: school.
  • Cecilia I. Nievas, Timothy J. Sullivan. Applicability of the direct displacement-based design
    method to steel moment resisting frames with setbacks, Bull Earthquake Eng (2015) 13:3841–3870
    DOI 10.1007/s10518-015-9787-1
  • J. Sullivan, M.J.N,Priestley, G.M.Calvi; A Model Code for the Displacement-Based Seismic Design of Structures (DBD12), April,2012, ISBN: 978-88-6198-072-3.
  • EuroCode 8. [1988] “Structure is seismic regions – Design. Part 1, General and Building,” Report EUR 8849 EN, Commission of European Communities.
  • Eurocode 8 – Seismic Design of Buildings – Lisbon, 10-11 February 2011.
  • Priestley, M. J. N., and G. M. Calvi. "Concepts and procedures for direct displacement-based design and assessment." Seismic design methodologies for the next generation of codes. Routledge, 2019. 171-181.
  • Tarawneh, Ahmad, Sereen Majdalaweyh, and Hazim Dwairi. "Equivalent viscous damping of steel members for direct displacement based design." Structures. Vol. 33. Elsevier, 2021.
  • Komara, I., et al. "Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Beams with and Without Web Openings using Direct Displacement Based Design." Journal of Physics: Conference Series. Vol. 2117. No. 1. IOP Publishing, 2021.
  • Lu, Yang, Iman Hajirasouliha, and Alec M. Marshall. "Direct displacement-based seismic design of flexible-base structures subjected to pulse-like ground motions." Engineering Structures 168 (2018): 276-289.
  • Malla, Niraj, and Anil C. Wijeyewickrema. "Direct displacement-based design of coupled walls with steel shear link coupling beams." Structures. Vol. 34. Elsevier, 2021.
  • Shakeri, Kazem, and Hamed Dadkhah. "Direct Displacement-Based Design Versus Performance-Based Plastic Design Approaches for Steel Moment-Resisting Frames." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering (2022): 1-22.
  • Aragaw, Leikune F., and Paolo M. Calvi. "Comparing the performance of traditional shear-wall and rocking shear-wall structures designed using the direct-displacement based design approach." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering4 (2020): 1345-1369.
  • Abadi, Reza Esmaeil, and Omid Bahar. "Investigation of the LS Level Hysteretic Damping Capacity of Steel MR Frames’ Needs for the Direct Displacement-Based Design Method." KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering4 (2018): 1304-1315.
  • Ismailabadi, R., and Bahar, A., and Aziminejad, A. (2015). Presenting new relations of hysteresis damping capacity of steel bending frames at the level of life safety performance required by direct design method based on displacement. Earthquake Science and Engineering, 3(4), 43-59. https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=349521
  • Sarioletlagh, S., Mohamadian. R,” Investigation of seismic behavior of resistant steel bending frame with oval brace “, 2018 Steel Structures Conference in Tehran, Iran.
  • Sarioletlagh, S., Mohamadian. R,” Investigation and comparison of hysteresis behavior of the elliptic braced moment resisting frame with X and V bracing system “, 2018 International Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture and Urban Development Management in Tehran, Iran.
  • Priestley, M.J.N., ”Brief Comments on Elastic Flexibility of Reinforced Concrete Frames and Significance To Seismic Design”, Bulletin of the New Zealand National Society for Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 31, No. 4, Dec. 1998.
  • Gozasht, Farshid, Farshid. Bahar, Omid (1390). Master's thesis, comparing the performance of regular steel structures designed with methods based on displacement and force, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr branch. Consultant professor Dr. Naqd Ali Hosseinzadeh.
  • Brati, Prosto, Bahar, Omid, (2012), "Design of steel structures with convergent braces by direct method based on displacement". Master's thesis. Kermanshah: Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Science and Research Unit.
  • Arkavazi, Fatemeh. spring, hope (2012), "Design of steel structures with diverging braces by direct method based on displacement" Master thesis, Kermanshah: Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Science and Research Unit.
  • Mahmoudi, Mohammad Reza, Bahar, Omid. (2012). "Design of steel structures with steel shear wall by direct method based on displacement". Master's thesis, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah Science and Research Unit.
  • Priestley MJN, Calvi GM. Concepts and procedures for direct-displacement based design and assessment. In: Fajfar P, Krawinkler H, editors. Seismic Design Methodologies for the Next Generation of Codes. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema; 1997. p. 171–81.
  • Loeding S., Kowalsky M.J., Priestley M.J.N., Direct Displacement-Based Design of Reinforced Concrete Building Frames. Report of Structural Systems Research Project SSRP-98/08, Division of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, 1998.
  • Athanasios I. Dimopoulos, Nikitas Bazeos, Dimitri E. Beskos, Seismic yield displacements of plan moment resisting and x-braced steel frames, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 41 (2012) 128–140.
  • Ghorbanie-Asl: Performance-based seismic design of building structures Carleton University, Canada, (2007).
  • Qian Zhang, Yafeng Yue, Ergang Xiong, Displacement-Based Seismic Design Method of Steel Moment Frame, Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 166-169 (2012) pp 640-644, © (2012) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland, doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.166-169.640
  • Standing committee for revision of the bylaws for the design of buildings against earthquakes. 1386. Regulations for the design of buildings against earthquakes - standard 2800-84. Third edition. Tehran: Building and Housing Research Center.
  • Design and implementation of steel buildings, 10th topic of National Building Regulations, 1392 edition, Iran Development Publishing House, Tehran, 2013.
  • Publication No. 360. (1385) Guidelines for seismic improvement of existing buildings. Technical affairs deputy, technical affairs office, development of criteria and reduction of risk caused by earthquakes.
  • Mark Aschheim, M.EERI, “Seismic Design Based on the Yield Displacement”, Earthquake Spectra, Volume 18, No. 4, pages 581–600, November 2002; © 2002, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute
  • "SIMQKE I : A Program for Artificial Motion Generation."Civil Engineering Dept. Massachusetts
    Institute of Technology, 1976.[40] .Available in The NISEE ("National Information Service for
    Earthquake Engineering") Software Library CDROM
  • John L. Harris III, “A Direct Displacement-Based Design of Low-Rise Seismic Resistant Steel Moment Frames”, A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy.
  • Esmailabadi Reza, Bahar Omid, "Presentation of new relationships of hysteresis damping capacity of steel bending frames at the level of life safety performance required by direct design method based on displacement", Earthquake Research Institute.