اولویت‌بندی راهبردهای سیستم نگهداری و تعمیرات ساختمان با کمک ترکیبی از روش های تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه عمران، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران

2 1-دانشیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران. 2-گروه عمران، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه،

3 دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده

ارزیابی سیستم نگهداری و تعمیر در ساختمان یکی از فاکتور‌های کلیدی در بهبود کیفیت انجام فرآیندهای نگهداری و تعمیرات می-باشد. به‌طور حتم می‌توان بیان نمود تمامی ساختمان‌ها پس از ساخت نیازمند نگهداری و تعمیر علمی و فنی می‌باشند. ازاین‌رو نحوه تعریف این سیستم و تعیین شاخص‌ها و استراتژی‌های مناسب برای آن نقش مهمی در هزینه و طول عمر ساختمان در زمان بهره‌برداری خواهد داشت..هدف از این پژوهش، شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی شاخص‌های مؤثر در سیستم نگهداری و تعمیرات (نت) ساختمان‌های مسکونی و سپس تعیین مناسب‌ترین سیاست مربوط به آن به کمک ترکیبی از روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره است. درروش ارائه‌شده ابتدا وزن شاخص‌ها محاسبه‌شده و سپس شاخص‌ها بر اساس روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چند معیاره فازی و غیر فازی، اولویت‌بندی شدند. درنهایت با در نظر گرفتن رتبه‌های به‌دست‌آمده از این روش‌ها به کمک روش میانگین رتبه و کُپ لند رتبه‌بندی نهایی شاخص‌ها محاسبه گردید. نتایج حاصل از روش میانگین رتبه نشان داد شاخص‌های ایمنی با وزن 0.3104، بهداشت با وزن 0.1578 ، قابلیت دسترسی با وزن 0.1286 و بهره‌دهی مناسب با وزن 0.1074 به ترتیب در بالاترین اولویت و قابلیت اطمینان در رتبه آخر‌ قرار دارند. این موضوع بیانگر اهمیت شاخص ایمنی در ارزیابی سیستم نت ساختمان‌ها می‌باشد. درنهایت با توجه به نتایج حاصل و با کمک روش آراس، مناسب‌ترین سیاست نت ساختمان‌ها راهبرد ازکارافتادگی/ مبتنی بر شکست با مطلوبیت نسبی 0.8728 انتخاب گردید و استراتژ‌ی‌های اصلاحی و واکنشی/ اضطراری به ترتیب در رتبه‌های بعدی قرار گرفتند. نتایج حاصل نشانگر آن است که به‌کارگیری ترکیبی از روش‌های تصمیم‌گیری چند شاخصه می‌تواند به متخصصان صنعت ساختمان در انتخاب شاخص‌های اساسی تأثیرگذار بر سیستم نت ساختمان‌ها و تعیین مناسب‌ترین سیاست مربوط به آن کمک نمایند. در پایان نیز پیشنهاد‌هایی جهت تحقیقات آتی ارائه گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Prioritize building maintenance system strategies using a combination of multi-criteria decision making methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad kheradranjbar 1
  • Mirali Mohammadi 2
  • shahin Rafiee 3
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
2 1-Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. 2-Department of Civil Engineering, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
3 Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Evaluation of maintenance system in the building is one of the key factors in improving the quality of maintenance and repair processes. It can be stated with certainty that all buildings need maintenance and scientific and technical repair after construction, and therefore how to define this system and determine the appropriate indicators and strategies for it will play an important role in the cost and longevity of the building during operation.

The purpose of this paper is to identify and prioritize the indicators affecting the maintenance and repair system (R&M) of Residential buildings and determine the most appropriate policy related to it using a combination of multi-criteria decision-making method. In the presented method, first the weight of the indicators was calculated and then the indicators were prioritized based on multi-criteria fuzzy and non-fuzzy decision-making methods.Finally, considering the ranks obtained from those methods, the final ranking of indicators was calculated using the Average rating and Copeland method. The results showed that the indicators of safety, health, accessibility and proper utilization are in the highest priority respectively and reliability are in the last rank. This issue indicates the importance of safety indicator in evaluating the maintenance and Repairs system of buildings. in order to perform maintenance and repair operations, by identifying and prioritizing effective indicators, they can be used to evaluate the maintenance and repair system of the building based on them.Finally, according to the results and with the help of ARAS method, Breakdown Maintenance Strategy was selected as the most appropriate maintenance policy for buildings.The results of this study show that the application of multi-criteria decision-making methods can help the construction industry professionals to select the key effective indicators in the repair and maintenance system and determine appropriate strategies. Finally, suggestions for future research were provided.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Building evaluation
  • Multi-criteria decision
  • ARAS method
  • Delphi method
  • Maintenance and Repair
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