مدیریت دانش در سازمان پروژه محور و تأثیر آن بر کاهش تأخیرات پروژه‌های راهسازی خراسان جنوبی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه عمران ، دانشکده مهندسی ، دانشگاه بیرجند ، بیرجند ، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی نقشه برداری، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

4 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه غیرانتفاعی هرمزان، بیرجند، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت روزافزون مدیریت زمان، هزینه و منابع مصرفی، سازمان‌ها را بر این می‌دارد که پایگاه دانشی متشکل از تمامی دانش-های فراگرفته شده در طول یک پروژه تشکیل شود و با قراردادن آن در کنار دانش‌های قبلی بتوان بازده کار را بالا ببرند. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی اثر مدیریت دانش بر تأخیرات و موفقیت پروژه‌های راهسازی در سازمان پروژه محور می‌باشد. تحقیق حاضر پس از تبیین مفهوم مدیریت دانش و شناسایی عوامل تاخیر در پروژه‌های راهسازی، از طریق روش مطالعاتی پرسشنامه ای به بررسی مولفه‌های مدیریت دانش و میزان تاثیر هرکدام از آن‌ها برکاهش تاخیر زمان پروژه‌ها راهسازی پرداخته و در نهایت ارتباط هر یک از زیر معیارهای عوامل تاخیر و میزان تأثیرپذیری آن از مدیریت دانش بررسی گردید. بدین منظور یک جامعه آماری متشکل از کارفرمایان، مشاوران و پیمانکاران فعال در بخش راهسازی استان خراسان جنوبی در نظر گرفته شد و برای تحلیل‌های استنباطی از آزمون‌های پارامتریک استفاده گردید. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که بین مدیریت دانش و کاهش تأخیر زمان انجام پروژه‌ها رابطه معنی‌دار دوطرفه مثبتی وجود دارد این بدان معنی است که هر چه بیشتر مدیریت دانش در پروژه‌های راهسازی بکار گرفته شود کاهش تأخیر بیشتری در پروژه‌ها شاهد خواهیم بود. از بین مولفه‌های دانش، خلق دانش بیشترین تأثیر (42/17%) را بر کاهش تاخیرات داشته و بر اساس نتایج محاسبه‌شده می‌توان گفت که حدود 8/96 درصد تغییرات تأخیر در پروژه‌ها توسط مدیریت دانش قابل‌کنترل است. همچنین و با توجه به آمار توصیفی به‌دست‌آمده در حالت کلی می‌توان گفت مهم‌ترین عامل تأثیرگذار بر تأخیرات، پیمانکاران به میزان 35/21% و پس ‌از آن کارفرمایان به میزان 76/20% هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Knowledge management in a project - oriented organization and its impact on reducing delays of Road Construction Projects in Southern Khorasan

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad akbari 1
  • davood akbari 2
  • fatemeh najibi 3
  • vahid hajizadeh 4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Surveying Engineering Department, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
3 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Birjand University, Birjand, Iran
4 Department of Civil Engineering, Hormuzan Nonprofit University, Birjand, Iran
چکیده [English]

Given the increasing importance of time, cost, and resource management, organizations are pushing for a knowledge base consisting of all the knowledge acquired during a project, and with the prior knowledge being put in place to maximize productivity. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of knowledge management on the delays of road construction projects in project-oriented organizations. The present study, after explaining the concept of knowledge management and identifying the causes of delays in road construction projects, examines the components of knowledge management and the impact of each of them on reducing the time latency of road construction projects through a questionnaire study method. Then, one of the sub-criteria of delay factors and its effectiveness from knowledge management was investigated. For this purpose, a statistical population consisting of active employers, consultants and contractors in the road construction sector of Southern Khorasan province was considered and parametric tests were used for inferential analysis. Findings show that there is a significant positive two-way relationship between knowledge management and reducing project time latency. This means that the more knowledge management is used in road construction projects, the greater reduction in project latency we will see. Among the components of knowledge management, knowledge creation has the greatest effect (17.42%) on reducing delays and based on the calculated results, it can be said that about 96.8% of delays in projects can be controlled by knowledge management. Also, according to the descriptive statistics obtained in the general case, it can be said that the most important factor affecting the delays are the contractors at the rate of 21.35% and then the employers at the rate of 20.76%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Road
  • Knowledge Management
  • Project Delays
  • Project-Based Organizations
  • South Khorasan
 [1] Momtaz, A., & Nabii, M. (2012). Validation of Forecasted Delays in Construction Projects by FMEA Method. Eighth International Project Management Conference. October 16-15. Tehran, Iran.
[2] Feizpour, M. A., Mahdizade Shahi, M., Pooshdouz, H., Komasi, H., Dehghani, F. & Zeidizade, S. (2016). The Economic Challenges of Delay in Construction Projects and its Outsourcing (Case Study: Tehran Road Construction Projects). Geographical Research Quarterly, 31(3), 130-143.
[3] Tavaklan, M., & Sohrabi, R. (2016). Assessing the causes of delays and problems of the country's construction projects by considering the effect of project management on the risk of time and cost of implementation. International Congress on New Sustainable Developments in Architecture, Urbanism, Civil Engineering and Building Engineering. October  18. Tehran. Iran.
[4] Taheri, J. (2012). Guaranteed purchase of wheat and rice project, a symbol for project-driven activities. Sepah Bank website, link: https://www.banksepah.ir/Page.aspx?mID=2039&Page=Articles/ShowArticles&id=101.  
[5] Hajivand, Sh., Kianirad, A., & Kazemnejad, M. (2010). Investigation of the Causes of Delay in the Implementation of Karkheh Projects. 6th International Project Management Conference. December 27-26. Tehran. Iran.
 [6] Soleimani Fard, A., Mirzaei, R., & Begzadeh, Y. (2017). Identify and prioritize the factors affecting the delay of road construction projects. 6th National Conference on Management, Economics and Accounting. February  15. Tabriz. Iran.
[7] Pérez Feijoo, Héctor M., García Ordaz, M., Martínez López, Francisco J. (2015). Barriers for the implementation of knowledge management in employee portals.  Procedia Computer Science, No. 64, pp. 506 – 513.
 [8] Zand Hesami, H., & Saeedi Eghdam, M. (2016). Effective Dimensions in Predicting the Effectiveness of Civil Project Management Using Neural Networks with Emphasis on Corporate Forecasting. Future Studies in Policy Research, 2(1), 26-40.
[9] Khodati, M., & Fazeli Kebra, H. (2018). Project-Based Organizational Structure, Critical Factors, and Key Success Points in Project-Based Organizations. Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Journal, 157.
[10] Manafi Sharafabad, Gh. (2018). The Impact of Knowledge Management Measures on the Effectiveness of Project Performance in Project-Based Organizations. Elite Journal of Science and Engineering, 3(2).
[11] Forcada, N. (2013). Knowledge management perceptions in construction and design companies, Automation in Construction, 29, 83–91.
[12] Seifi Sari Ghiyeh, M., Chaharsoughi, K., & Hosseinzadeh Kashan, A. (2017). Designing a Model-Based Decision Support System for Integrating Project Performance Evaluation and Risk Management (Construction Investment Projects). Sharif Industrial Engineering and Management, 33(2), 129-139.
[13] Teichler, U. (2007). Higher Education in Globalization World. Springer Publisher, London.
[14] Radeghar, E. & Motameni, N. (2017). Classification of Failure Factors for Oil Industry Projects Based on Project Management Standard Using Shannon and Thapsis Entropy Combined Method. Elite Journal of Science and Engineering, 2(5).
[15] Rahimi Ghazi Kalay, A., Amir Afshari, M., & Ramazani, A. (2013). Identification and Prioritization of Key Infrastructure Factors for Implementing Knowledge Management System in Project-Based Organizations Case Study of Fadak Iranian Mining Holding Contracting Projects. Quantitative Studies in Management, 4(1), 41 - 60.
 [16] Pirouzfar, R. (2010). Application of Knowledge Management to Reduce Delays in Construction Projects. Third National Knowledge Management Conference. February 20-19. Tehran, Iran.
[17] Chen, G. X., Shan, M., Chan, A. P., Liu, X., & Zhao, Y. Q. (2019). Investigating the causes of delay in grain bin construction projects: the case of China. International Journal of Construction Management, 19(1), 1-14.
[18] Gandomi, N. (2008). Investigating the Causes of Construction Project Delays with a Case Study on Kermanshah Province Dam Industry. Master of Science Degree in Executive Management. Iran University of Science & Technology.
[19] Arabzad, S. M., Ghorbani, M., & shirouyehzad, H. (2011). Adopting SWOT Analysis to Strategic Project Management in Municipality, 2nd International Conference on Strategic Project Management, May 3-4, Tehran, Iran.
[20] Radgohar, E., & Motameni, N. (2016). The classification of project failure factors according to PMBOK standard, International Conference on Progress in Science and Technology. Austria.
[21] Ahadi, H., & Sepahi, A. (2013). Statistical Analysis of Causes of Delay in Railway Development Projects and Provision of a Delayed Economic Damage Estimation (DED) Model. Third International Conference on Recent Advances in Railway Engineering.
[22] Yang, J. B., & Wei, P. R. (2010).Causes of delay in the planning and design phases for construction projects. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 16(3), 80-83.
[23] Frimpong, Y., Oluwoye, J., & Crawford, L. (2013). Causes of delay and cost overruns in construction of groundwater projects in a developing countries; Ghana as a case study. International Journal of Project Management, 21(5), 321-326.
[24] Aharipour, E., Mohammadzadeh, R. & Amiri, A. (2013). Investigating the causes of delays in 35-month projects in South Pars. Oil, Gas and Energy Monthly. 23.
[25] Hemmati, M., & Ware, A. (2016). Designing a Lean Production System Improvement Model with a Knowledge Management Approach (Case Study: A Selected Organization). First National Conference on Economics, Management and Accounting.
[26] Akhavan, P., & Zahedi, M. (2014) .Critical success factors in Knowledge management among project-based organizations; A multi-case analysis. The IUP Journal of knowledge management, 12(1), 20-38.
[27] Kazemi, M., Saeedi, N., & Lagzian, M. (2016). Identify and prioritizing elements affecting the establishment of knowledge management in project-based organizations using the FAHP method. 3rd International Conference on Management and Economics with Resistive Approach, November 10, Mashhad, Iran.
[28] Rahimzade, M., Khalilzade, M., & Soltani, R. (2018). Identifying the factors affecting the implementation of knowledge management in civil project-based organizations (an approach of structural balances) Case study: Sadad Construction Company. Journal of Industrial Technology Development, 16(32), 57-72.
[29] Taheri Amiri, M., Haghighi, F., Eshtehardian, E., Hemmatian, M.,  & Khaleghnejad, R. (2019). Optimization of time, cost and quality in critical chain method in multi project scheduling and resource constraints with considering utility function. Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (JSCE).
[30] Zarei, b. Oskooi, and. (2007) "Obtaining and Representing the Knowledge of Delays in Iranian Petrochemical Projects", 3rd International Conference on Project Management, May 11-10, Tehran, Iran.
[31] Atafar, U., & Eghbali, M. (2013). Pathology of Delay Effective Factors in Projects in Zone 3 of Iran Gas Transmission Operations. Industrial Management, 5(2), 85-102.
[32] Vice President for Strategic Planning and Oversight, (2010). Supervision reports of national construction and road construction projects in the years 2002-2006. Tehran, Iran.
[33] Sarmadi, P. Droudian, H. Shafaei, R. (2008) "Presenting a knowledge management system based on business processes for contracting companies in road construction projects", Fourth International Conference on Project Management, August 19-29, Tehran, Iran.
[34] Rihani Hamedani, H. Pious, s. h. Samadi Nia, P. Fathelian, f. (2012)."Study of the impact of value engineering in eliminating the causes of delays in construction and road construction projects in the country based on the main areas of project management knowledge", 8th International Conference on Project Management, November 6-16, Tehran, Iran.