تأثیر مشخصات لایه خاک روانگرا در اندرکنش خاک-تک شمع - سازه توربین‌های بادی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیات علمی گروه عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی،

2 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف اصلی برنامه توسعه پایدار سال 2030 توسعه دسترسی به انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر، پایدار، قابل اطمینان و مقرون به صرفه است. از جمله انرژی‌های تجدید‌پذیر می‌توان به انرژی باد و استفاده از توربین‌های بادی اشاره کرد. این توربین‌های عمدتا در مناطق ساحلی یا فراساحلی لرزه‌خیز و مستعد روانگرایی استفاده می‌شود‌. رشد اجرای این توربین‌ها در مناطق لرزه‌خیز توام با بستر روانگرا استفاده از شمع‌ها و سایر فونداسیون‌های عمیق را ضروری کرده است. در این مقاله تغییر مشخصات لایه خاک روانگرا در اندرکنش خاک-تک شمع - سازه توربین‌های بادی در چهار نوع ماسه روانگرا با ضخامت 5 متر‌، تحت بار توربین 2 کیلو وات و تاثیر 14 رکورد زمین‌لرزه حوزه دور و نزدیک مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. تحلیل تاریخچه زمانی غیرخطی با در نظرگرفتن مدل رفتاری مناسب برای لایه‌های خاک، اندرکنش بین شمع و خاک به روزش مستقیم در نرم افزار OpenSees انجام شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که در زمین‌لرزه‌های با بیشینه شتاب‌ کمتر از g 4/0 ، در خاک‌های ماسه‌ای با تراکم بیش از 70 % روانگرایی رخ نمی‌دهد. بیشترین جابجایی به شمع در خاکی که زاویه اصطکاک داخلی (ɸ=30) و کمترین درصد تراکم را دارد، اتفاق می‌افتد. با وقوع روانگرایی در لایه میانی تراز اتکای گیرداری شمع از حوالی سطح زمین به انتهای لایه روانگر منتقل می‌گردد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد، مقادیر حداکثر فشار منفذی، لنگر خمشی و نیروی برشی خاک تحت زمین لرزه‌های حوزه دور و نزدیک با افزایش تراکم خاک کاهش می‌یابد و این کاهش برای زلزله‌های حوزه دور مشهودتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of liquefied soil properties on soil-monopile-wind turbine structure interaction

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamreza Nouri 1
  • Mehran Tirandazian 2
1 Faculty of Engineering, Kharazmi university, Tehran, Iran.
2 PhD student, Faculty of Engineering, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The main goal of the 2030 sustainable development plan is to develop access to renewable, sustainable, reliable and cost-effective energy. One of the renewable energy sources is wind energy, which is produced using wind turbines. These turbines are mainly used in coastal or offshore areas that are seismic and liquefied. The development of these turbines in areas with high seismic potential and liquefied soils has necessitated the use of piles and other deep foundations. In this paper, the effect of liquefied soil layer characteristics on the soil-mono pile interaction under the effects of far and near field earthquake records has been investigated. Dynamic nonlinear time history analyses were performed by considering four types of liquefied sand with a thickness of 5 m, under 2 kW turbine load and the effect of 14 earthquake records. Nonlinear analyses are performed in OpenSees software by considering the appropriate behavioral model for soil layers and the interaction between the pile and the soil. The results showed that in earthquakes with a PGA less than 0.4 g and in sandy soils with a density of more than 70% liquefaction does not occur. The highest displacement is related to the pile located in T1 soil, which has the lowest internal friction angle (ɸ = 30) and the lowest soil compaction percentage. With the occurrence of liquefaction in the middle layer, the support level of the monopile is transferred from ground to the end of the liquefiable layer. Based on the results the values of maximum pore pressure, flexural moment and shear force of the soil under near and far-field records decrease with increasing soil density that is more evident for far-field earthquakes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • monopile wind turbine
  • liquefied soil
  • far field earthquake
  • near field earthquake
  • soil-monopile-wind turbine structure interaction

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 10 دی 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 11 اسفند 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 اردیبهشت 1400

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