تحلیل شبکه روابط رسمی و غیررسمی در صنعت ساخت و ساز جهت ارتقاء ایمنی پروژه با رویکرد تحلیل شبکه اجتماعی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشکده فنی دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی تهران جنوب پردیس کیش

3 داشگاه آزاد رودهن-تهران-ایران

چکیده

توسعه ارتباطات میان افراد شاغل در صنعت ساخت و ساز، به ایجاد نوعی پیچیدگی جدید در تعاملات منجر شده است. برای حل مسئله ایمنی علاوه بر لزوم بررسی خود مسئله، کنکاش پیرامون مسایل مرتبط به همان اندازه ضرورت دارد. کارگاه‌های ساختمانی سیستم‌های پیچیده‌ای هستند که منابع انسانی آنها را به وجود آورده و هسته‌ی آنها، الگوهای گسترده میان روابط رسمی و غیررسمی است. هدف این مقاله ارتقای سطح ایمنی پروژه‌ها با تکنیک تحلیل شبکه‌های ‌اجتماعی است. شبکه‌بندی امکان بررسی و تحلیل ارتباطات میان یک مسأله با مسایل مرتبط را میسر می‌سازد. شناخت صحیح مدیران پروژه‌های ساختمانی از میزان تأثیر شبکه روابط غیررسمی ( ارتباطات قومی، فرهنگی، گویش و ...) بر عملکرد روابط رسمی، موجب بهره‌برداری مناسب از منابع محدود در کارگاه‌های ساختمانی شده و در نهایت به افزایش بهره‌وری مدیریت ایمنی کمک می‌کند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که با مدلسازی ارتباطات افراد بوسیله تکنیک تحلیل شبکه‌ای‌، رابطه‌های رسمی و غیررسمی موجود مابین افراد شاغل، شناسایی و کشف گردید. و رتبه‌بندی منابع‌انسانی با شاخص رفتارهای ایمن انجام گرفت. و با اتخاذ راهبرد مناسب در استفاده از ابزارهای تحلیل شبکه‌ای‌ و ترسیم گراف ارتباطی و برقرار کردن ارتباطات موثر بین افراد پروژه، و تجمیع پارامتر مرکزیت و قدرت نفوذ افراد در شبکه روابط رسمی و غیررسمی سطح ایمنی پروژه افزایش یافت. همچنین یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داده است می‌توان از شبکه روابط غیررسمی به عنوان نیرویی سازنده برای بهبود عملکرد شبکه روابط رسمی و در نهایت مدیریت موفق ایمنی بهره‌برداری کرد .

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of formal and informal network relations in construction industry to enhance project safety using social network analysis approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamidreza Abbasianjahromi 1
  • Ali Etemadi 2
  • Babak Aminneghad 3
1 Assistant professor, Department of Civil Engineering, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Civil, Kish International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kish Island
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University Department of Civil, Roodehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Open communication between people working in the construction industry has led to the creation of a new complexity in the interactions. In order to solve the safety issue, in addition to the necessity of examining the problem itself, it is indispensable to examine the related issues as much as possible. The construction workshops are complex systems of human resources whose core is extensive patterns between formal and informal relations. The proper understanding of construction project managers about the influence of informal network relations on the performance of formal relations leads to the suitable exploitation of limited resources in construction workshops and ultimately helps to increase productivity. The results of this research in a construction workshop in Tehran, Iran, showed that almost all factors had a pivotal role and centrality as much as the desired occupation based on a workshop chart in the formal network relations; but communication between people is formed based on personality, racial, linguistic and other characteristics in the informal network relations. These relationships by casting a shadow on formal relations lead to a failure to achieve safety objectives and instructions. Therefore, the existence of ethnic and cultural links between the project manager and the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) with other employees at the workshop will increase productivity in the workshop safety.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • safety management
  • formal and informal network
  • social network analysis
  • construction industry
  • Project
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