زمان‌بندی پروژه‌های ساخت با منابع محدود (MRCPSP) با در نظر گرفتن عدم قطعیت در مدت فعالیت‌ها و تأخیرات

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران

چکیده

انتخاب روش‌های ساخت، نحوه تخصیص منابع اهمیت زیادی در کنترل پروژه‌ دارد. مسئله زمان‌بندی پروژه با منابع محدود در چندین حالت اجرایی (MRCPSP) موضوعی مطرح در مدیریت پروژه است. توسعه مدل فوق برای پروژه‌های ساخت، به‌دلیل وجود فضای غیرقطعی، امری مهم به‌نظر می‌رسد. برای نمایش عدم قطعیت مدت‌زمان انجام فعالیت‌ها و تأخیر بین آن‌ها، از منطق فازی استفاده شده‌است. در این مقاله به بررسی این مسئله پرداخته و با ارائه یک الگوریتم هوشمند ترکیب‌شده از مجموعه‌های فازی و الگوریتم ژنتیک (GA)، زمان‌بندی صورت گرفته‌است. مسئله MRCPSP فازی را می‌توان زمان‌بندی مجموعه‌ای از فعالیت‌ها باهدف یافتن یک روش اجرایی و توالی زمانی مناسب برای انجام فعالیت‌ها در نظر گرفت؛ به‌طوری‌که محدودیت‌های منابع (منابع تجدید پذیر و منابع تجدید ناپذیر) و نیز محدودیت‌های پیش‌نیازی به‌طور هم‌زمان ارضا گردند و زمان تکمیل پروژه کمینه شود. در گام اول مسئله مذکور مدل‌سازی ریاضی می‌شود و سپس، اقدام به کدنویسی مدل مسئله با استفاده از الگوریتم فراابتکاری GA در نرم‌افزار Matlab و حل مدل ریاضی مسئله می‌شود. نتایج حاصل از پیاده‌سازی این الگوریتم بر روی مسائل استاندارد سایت PSPLIB، در مقایسه با نرم‌افزار GAMS، حاکی از عملکرد موفق الگوریتم GA تلفیق‌شده با مجموعه‌های فازی است. رویکرد بکار گرفته‌شده در این پژوهش می‌تواند به‌سادگی قابل‌استفاده توسط مدیران و برنامه‌ریزان پروژه باشد. این امر موجب جلوگیری از خطاهای انسانی مسئول کنترل پروژه در تسطیح منابع می‌شود و راهی به‌سوی زمان‌بندی بهینه پروژه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Multi Mode Resource Constraint Construction Project Scheduling Problem (MRCPSP) Considering the Uncertainty in the Activities Duration and Delays

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Katebi 1
  • Fariborz Almassian 2
  • Peyman Homami 1
1 Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kharazmi University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Choosing construction methods and how resources are allocated are important in the project control. The multi-mode resource constrained project scheduling problem (MRCPSP) is a significant subject in project management. The development of the above model for construction projects is an important issue because of uncertainty. Fuzzy logic has been used to display the uncertainty in the duration of activities and the delay between them. This paper examines this problem and schedules project with providing an intelligent algorithm combining fuzzy sets and genetic algorithms (GAs). The Fuzzy MRCPSP problem can be considered as the scheduling of a set of activities with the aim of finding an activity operation mode and the activity operation priority; so that the resource constraints (renewable resources and non-renewable resources) as well as the precedence constraints are met simultaneously and the time for completion of the project is minimal. In the first step, the above problem is modeled mathematically, and then the model is coded using GA-based algorithm in Matlab software and finally the model is solved. The results of the implementation of this algorithm on the standard instances of the PSPLIB site, in comparison with the GAMS software, indicate the successful performance of the combined GA algorithm with fuzzy sets. The approach used in this research can be easily used by project managers. This prevents human errors caused by people who are responsible for controlling the project at resource leveling phase and is a way to the optimized project scheduling.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Resource constraints construction projects fuzzy scheduling
  • fuzzy delays
  • multi-mode activities
  • minimization of project completion time
  • GA algorithm
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